Author: blogmirnet

Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Mozilla Firefox, the most severe of which could allow for arbitrary code execution. Mozilla Firefox is a web browser used to access the Internet. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for arbitrary code execution. Depending on the privileges associated with the user an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.

THREAT INTELLIGENCE:
There are currently no reports of these vulnerabilities being exploited in the wild.

SYSTEMS AFFECTED:

• Firefox versions prior to 139.0.4

RISK:

Government:

• Large and medium government entities: HIGH
• Small government: MEDIUM

Businesses:

• Large and medium business entities: HIGH
• Small business entities: MEDIUM

Home Users: LOW

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:
Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Mozilla Firefox, the most severe of which could allow for arbitrary code execution. Details of these vulnerabilities are as follows:

Tactic: Initial Access (TA0001):
Technique: Drive-by Compromise (T1189)

• Certain canvas operations could have led to memory corruption. (CVE-2025-49709)
• An integer overflow was present in OrderedHashTable used by the JavaScript engine. (CVE-2025-49710)

Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for arbitrary code execution. Depending on the privileges associated with the user an attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.

RECOMMENDATIONS:
We recommend the following actions be taken:

• Apply appropriate updates provided by Mozilla to vulnerable systems immediately after appropriate testing. (M1051:Update Software)
  • Safeguard 7.1: Establish and Maintain a Vulnerability Management Process: Establish and maintain a documented vulnerability management process for enterprise assets. Review and update documentation annually, or when significant enterprise changes occur that could impact this Safeguard.
  • Safeguard 7.4: Perform Automated Application Patch Management: Perform application updates on enterprise assets through automated patch management on a monthly, or more frequent, basis.
  • Safeguard 7.7: Remediate Detected Vulnerabilities: Remediate detected vulnerabilities in software through processes and tooling on a monthly, or more frequent, basis, based on the remediation process.
  • Safeguard 9.1: Ensure Use of Only Fully Supported Browsers and Email Clients: Ensure only fully supported browsers and email clients are allowed to execute in the enterprise, only using the latest version of browsers and email clients provided through the vendor.
• Apply the Principle of Least Privilege to all systems and services. Run all software as a non-privileged user (one without administrative privileges) to diminish the effects of a successful attack. (M1026:Privileged Account Management)
  • Safeguard 4.7: Manage Default Accounts on Enterprise Assets and Software: Manage default accounts on enterprise assets and software, such as root, administrator, and other pre-configured vendor accounts. Example implementations can include: disabling default accounts or making them unusable.
  • Safeguard 5.4: Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts: Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and productivity suite use, from the user’s primary, non-privileged account.
• Use capabilities to detect and block conditions that may lead to or be indicative of a software exploit occurring. (M1050:Exploit Protection)
  • Safeguard 10.5: Enable Anti-Exploitation Features: Enable anti-exploitation features on enterprise assets and software, where possible, such as Microsoft® Data Execution Prevention (DEP), Windows® Defender Exploit Guard (WDEG), or Apple® System Integrity Protection (SIP) and Gatekeeper™.

• Restrict use of certain websites, block downloads/attachments, block JavaScript, restrict browser extensions, etc. (M1021:Restrict Web-Based Content)
  • Safeguard 9.2: Use DNS Filtering Services: Use DNS filtering services on all enterprise assets to block access to known malicious domains.
  • Safeguard 9.3: Maintain and Enforce Network-Based URL Filters: Enforce and update network-based URL filters to limit an enterprise asset from connecting to potentially malicious or unapproved websites. Example implementations include category-based filtering, reputation-based filtering, or through the use of block lists. Enforce filters for all enterprise assets.
  • Safeguard 9.6: Block Unnecessary File Types: Block unnecessary file types attempting to enter the enterprise’s email gateway.
     
• Block execution of code on a system through application control, and/or script blocking. (M1038:Execution Prevention)
  • Safeguard 2.5: Allowlist Authorized Software: Use technical controls, such as application allowlisting, to ensure that only authorized software can execute or be accessed. Reassess bi-annually, or more frequently.
  • Safeguard 2.6: Allowlist Authorized Libraries: Use technical controls to ensure that only authorized software libraries, such as specific .dll, .ocx, .so, etc., files, are allowed to load into a system process. Block unauthorized libraries from loading into a system process. Reassess bi-annually, or more frequently.
  • Safeguard 2.7: Allowlist Authorized Scripts: Use technical controls, such as digital signatures and version control, to ensure that only authorized scripts, such as specific .ps1, .py, etc., files, are allowed to execute. Block unauthorized scripts from executing. Reassess bi-annually, or more frequently.
• Use capabilities to prevent suspicious behavior patterns from occurring on endpoint systems. This could include suspicious process, file, API call, etc. behavior. (M1040:Behavior Prevention on Endpoint)
  • Safeguard 13.2: Deploy a Host-Based Intrusion Detection Solution: Deploy a host-based intrusion detection solution on enterprise assets, where appropriate and/or supported.
  • Safeguard 13.7: Deploy a Host-Based Intrusion Prevention Solution: Deploy a host-based intrusion prevention solution on enterprise assets, where appropriate and/or supported. Example implementations include use of an Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) client or host-based IPS agent.
• Inform and educate users regarding the threats posed by hypertext links contained in emails or attachments especially from un-trusted sources. Remind users not to visit un-trusted websites or follow links provided by unknown or un-trusted sources. (M1017:User Training)
  • Safeguard 14.1: Establish and Maintain a Security Awareness Program: Establish and maintain a security awareness program. The purpose of a security awareness program is to educate the enterprise’s workforce on how to interact with enterprise assets and data in a secure manner. Conduct training at hire and, at a minimum, annually. Review and update content annually, or when significant enterprise changes occur that could impact this Safeguard.
  • Safeguard 14.2: Train Workforce Members to Recognize Social Engineering Attacks: Train workforce members to recognize social engineering attacks, such as phishing, pre-texting, and tailgating.

REFERENCES:

CVE:
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-49709
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-49710

Mozilla:
https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/
https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2025-47/

The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of Energy (DOE)—hereafter referred to as “the authoring organizations”—are aware of cyber incidents affecting the operational technology (OT) and industrial control systems (ICS) of critical infrastructure entities in the United States. The authoring organizations urge critical infrastructure entities to review and act now to improve their cybersecurity posture against cyber threat activities specifically and intentionally targeting internet-connected OT and ICS.

The authoring organizations recommend critical infrastructure asset owners and operators implement the mitigations found in their Fact Sheet to defend against OT cyber threats. Additionally, CISA recommends critical infrastructure organizations review and implement, if possible, the listed resources to enhance their security posture.

Over the last week, the NJCCIC has received several incident reports from NJ residents regarding an SMS text phishing (SMiShing) scam impersonating the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). These messages claim that the user has an outstanding traffic ticket and payment is due. If not paid by May 29, the user will have their vehicle registration and driving privileges suspended, receive a toll booth charge increase, and their credit score will be impacted. The URL displayed in the message includes “ezpassnj” and “.gov” in an attempt to appear legitimate. The message itself does not allow the user to click the included link directly but instead instructs them to reply to the message with “Y” and reopen the message to click the link or to copy the URL to their browser. These links lead to fraudulent websites that attempt to extract personally identifiable information, financial details, or account credentials.

This SMiShing scheme is similar to others that have circulated impersonating NJ toll services and EZ-Pass claiming the user has an outstanding toll that needs to be paid to avoid a late fee.

The NJ MVC only sends text messages to remind residents about scheduled MVC appointments. It does not send text messages regarding driver’s licenses or vehicle registration status.

New Jersey E-ZPass does not send unsolicited text messages to collect payments. If your account is in collections and being handled by Credit Collection Services, you may receive text messages from Credit Collection Services regarding your account. Their text message will list a phone number, their website www.ccspayment.com, and reference a file number.

The NJCCIC’s email security solution observed a new phishing campaign targeting Intuit login credentials. In this campaign, threat actors send an email impersonating accounting software Intuit QuickBooks. While the spoofed email address may appear to come from Intuit at first glance, the domain used in this campaign is intuit[.]net, which is not an official Intuit domain.

Users are prompted to click the link provided to fix a payment record discrepancy. The threat actors use a URL shortener provided by X (t.co) to obfuscate the link’s destination. If clicked, users are redirected to a phishing page designed to appear as the Intuit login page. If credentials are entered, the information is forwarded to threat actors. This campaign may also collect short message service (SMS) multi-factor authentication (MFA) codes.

As the unofficial summer travel season is underway, many people will be busy with upcoming travel plans. Threat actors will also be busy performing reconnaissance, exploiting vulnerabilities, and capitalizing on travel websites and accounts. They continue to create spoofed travel website domains or attempt to exploit and compromise legitimate travel websites or accounts. Threat actors deceive potential victims using social engineering tactics, such as impersonation, phishing, pretexting, or creating urgency. Travel fraud can appear as manipulated destination photos, fake confirmation links, irresistible offers, or discounted travel.

The NJCCIC’s email security solution detected multiple spam campaigns sent to New Jersey State employees. The above campaign appears to be from a travel and expense management website that claims to find the lowest prices on flights, hotels, and car rentals. These unsolicited communications typically push unwanted advertising, collect personally identifiable information (PII), steal funds, or distribute malware.

In a separate campaign, threat actors compromised a travel savings card website and emailed potential victims to book their next getaway using their travel savings balance. The subject line specifies that their travel savings balance is available. Other subject lines in this campaign reference “summer is calling,” “beach vacations booking fast,” “deals you don’t want to miss,” and “new month, new deals!” The threat actors attempt to convince their targets to click the “Login Now” button, which directs users to a landing page that prompts them to log in using their Google account credentials. Further analysis indicates this campaign includes stealer malware to exfiltrate credentials and data.

Additionally, the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) threatens the travel industry. In 2024, travel was the most attacked industry by advanced bots, accounting for 27 percent of all bot attacks, up from 21 percent in 2023. Threat actors can create and deploy malicious bots, create spoofed websites, generate fake reviews and articles, craft sophisticated phishing emails, exploit vulnerabilities, hijack accounts, and exfiltrate data. They have increasingly created fraudulent websites that impersonate official government pages for passports, visas, and TSA PreChecks . Travelers are at risk of fraud, misinformation, and malicious intent when planning or managing trips and itineraries; therefore, they should remain vigilant and employ cybersecurity best practices to help protect themselves from identity theft, financial loss, and disrupted travel.

The NJCCIC continues to receive reports of fraudulent phone calls in vishing scams. Typically, threat actors acquire publicly available information found online and impersonate specific organizations or individuals. They contact the recipient to extort money or convince their targets to divulge sensitive information, grant access to their accounts or devices, or purchase fraudulent goods or services. In one report, an educational institution received repeated suspicious phone calls from different phone numbers, including spoofed official ones, to appear legitimate. The threat actors claimed to be “Online IT Training” and asked for the head of the information technology department. When questioned, the threat actors could not respond “off script.”

Threat actors are increasingly leveraging voice cloning and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to carry out impersonation and extortion scams. They can find and capture snippets of a person’s voice online, through social media platforms, in outgoing voicemail messages, or when the recipient caller answers a call. They can weaponize AI technology with the captured audio to clone a person’s voice and create fraudulent schemes, such as family emergencies, kidnappings, robberies, or car accidents. In one reported vishing scam, the threat actors impersonated the target’s daughter, claiming to be involved in a car accident. A male voice was also on the line, claiming to be a local law enforcement officer and reporting that the daughter supposedly admitted to using her cell phone while driving. He indicated that she was being held for charges of injuring the other driver, who was pregnant. The purported officer stated that a bail bond agent would contact them to post bail. Minutes later, a male caller posing as a bail bond agent contacted the target to indicate bail was set at $15,000 cash only and threatened not to tell anyone because it would go on the daughter’s permanent record. After hanging up with the threat actors, the target called their daughter to confirm the call’s legitimacy before going to the bank. The daughter revealed she was not on the call or involved in a car accident.

Over the last year, cybersecurity researchers and analysts reported that ransomware groups have adopted a tactic of impersonating IT support and using email bombing to convince users to provide the threat actors with access to the targeted organization’s network. In a recent incident reported by Sophos, the 3AM ransomware group spoofed a targeted organization’s official IT department phone number to call one of the organization’s users. Just before the call, the threat actors initiated email bombing, sending the user 24 unsolicited emails in just a few minutes. When the threat actors called the user using the spoofed number, they referenced the email bombing and convinced them to open Microsoft Quick Assist and grant remote access. In this incident, the threat actors were able to steal over 800GB of data, though many additional actions were mainly blocked due to the company’s strict multi-factor authentication (MFA) policies and security software. However, in other incidents, once remote access is obtained, the threat actors could install malware, steal data, move laterally, elevate privileges, and encrypt data in a ransomware attack.

Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Google Chrome, the most severe of which could allow for arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation of the most severe of these vulnerabilities could allow for arbitrary code execution in the context of the logged-on user. Depending on the privileges associated with the user, threat actors could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than those who operate with administrative user rights.

Threat Intelligence Google is aware that an exploit for CVE-2025-5419 exists in the wild.

Systems Affected

Chrome prior to 137.0.7151.68/.69 for Windows and Mac Chrome prior to 137.0.7151.68 for Linux

Risk Government: – Large and medium government entities: High – Small government entities: Medium

Businesses: – Large and medium business entities: High – Small business entities: Medium

Home Users: Low

Recommendations

Apply appropriate updates provided by Google to vulnerable systems immediately after appropriate testing. Apply the Principle of Least Privilege to all systems and services. Run all software as a non-privileged user (one without administrative privileges) to diminish the effects of a successful attack. Restrict execution of code to a virtual environment on or in transit to an endpoint system. Use capabilities to detect and block conditions that may lead to or be indicative of a software exploit occurring. Restrict use of certain websites, block downloads/attachments, block JavaScript, restrict browser extensions, etc. Inform and educate users regarding the threats posed by hypertext links contained in emails or attachments, especially from untrusted sources. Remind users not to visit untrusted websites or follow links provided by unknown or untrusted sources.

Reference Google: https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html

NIST invites comments on the initial public draft (ipd) of Special Publication (SP) 800-18r2 (Revision 2), Developing Security, Privacy, and Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management Plans for Systems.

The system security plan, privacy plan, and cybersecurity supply chain risk management plan consolidate information about the assets and individuals being protected within an authorization boundary and its interconnected systems. These system plans serve as a centralized point of reference for information about the system and risk management decisions, including data being created, collected, disseminated, used, stored, and disposed of; the individuals responsible for system risk management efforts; details about the internal and external environments of operation, system components, and data flows; and controls that are planned or in place to manage risks.

The major changes for this revision include:

• Expanded guidance to address the development of system plans within the context of the NIST Risk Management Framework, the NIST Privacy Framework, and SP 800-161r1, Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management Practices for Systems and Organizations
• Insights into the development of a consolidated system plan that encompasses security, privacy, and cybersecurity supply chain risk management plan elements
• Updated descriptions of system plan elements
• Considerations for automating the development and maintenance of system plans using information management tools, such as governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) applications

Additionally, the following supplemental materials are available:

• Security Plan Example Outline
• Privacy Plan Example Outline
• C-SCRM Plan Example Outline
• System Plan Related Roles and Responsibilities

The comment period is open through July 30, 2025. See the publication details for a copy of the draft, supplemental files, and a comment template. Commenters are encouraged to use that template and submit feedback to sec-cert@nist.gov with “SP 800-18r2 ipd comments” in the subject.

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June 4, 2025   NJCCIC Public/Private Sector IT-Security Professional Members,      The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Region 2, in coordination with the National Cybersecurity Preparedness Consortium (NCPC), is sponsoring a four-day Malware Prevention, Discovery, and Recovery (MPDR) training course. The course is being offered at no cost to you or your organization. The in-person training course will be held Tuesday, August 19, through Friday, August 22, at Kean University.   Course Description MPDR aims to provide technical personnel with the hands-on expertise necessary to prevent, discover, recognize, and recover from modern malware, which is often a fundamental element of many computer network breaches and data theft incidents. MPDR will expose participants to analysis of malicious software used by cybercriminals and cyber-terrorists. After an introduction to modern malware, participants will learn how to prevent a malware outbreak, discover and identify malware through active network traffic analysis, prepare for dynamic analysis of malware samples of various types and intent, and how to isolate, remediate, and recover from a malware outbreak. The course will conclude with a review of dynamic malware analysis and a look at emerging trends in using malicious software in network intrusions and data theft.   Prerequisites Participants should have some experience as a cybersecurity professional and a good understanding of network concepts, and computer operating systems. Two years’ experience as a system or network administrator, or as an IT security specialist is preferred.   Registration Space is extremely limited, and registration is required. You must register using your agency/organization email address. Personal email addresses will not be considered. Additionally, you will be required to attend all 4 days of the training course. NOTE: When registering, you will be asked for a FEMA Student Identification Number (SID). To obtain a SID, click here.