Bluetooth Vulnerability

  Bluetooth implementations may not sufficiently validate elliptic curve parameters during Diffie-Hellman key exchange.

Overview

Bluetooth firmware or operating system software drivers may not
sufficiently validate elliptic curve parameters used to generate public
keys during a Diffie-Hellman key exchange, which may allow a remote
attacker to obtain the encryption key used by the device.


Description

CWE-325: Missing Required Cryptographic StepCVE-2018-5383

Bluetooth utilizes a device pairing mechanism based on
elliptic-curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key exchange to allow encrypted
communication between devices. The ECDH key pair consists of a private
and a public key, and the public keys are exchanged to produce a shared
pairing key. The devices must also agree on the elliptic curve
parameters being used. Previous work on the “Invalid Curve Attack”
showed that the ECDH parameters are not always validated before being
used in computing the resulted shared key, which reduces attacker effort
to obtain the private key of the device under attack if the
implementation does not validate all of the parameters before computing
the shared key.

In some implementations, the elliptic curve parameters are not all
validated by the cryptographic algorithm implementation, which may allow
a remote attacker within wireless range to inject an invalid public key
to determine the session key with high probability. Such an attacker
can then passively intercept and decrypt all device messages, and/or
forge and inject malicious messages.

Both Bluetooth low energy (LE) implementations of Secure Connections
Pairing in operating system software and BR/EDR implementations of
Secure Simple Pairing in device firmware may be affected. Bluetooth
device users are encouraged to consult with their device vendor for
further information.

Since the vulnerability was identified, the Bluetooth SIG has updated
the Bluetooth specifications to require validation of any public key
received as
part of public key-based security procedures, thereby providing a remedy
to the vulnerability from a specification perspective. In addition, the
Bluetooth SIG has added testing for this vulnerability within its
Bluetooth Qualification Program.  The Bluetooth SIG has also released a public statement regarding the vulnerability.

Impact

An
unauthenticated, remote attacker within range may be able to utilize a
man-in-the-middle network position to determine the cryptographic keys
used by the device. The attacker can then intercept and decrypt and/or
forge and inject device messages.


Solution

Apply an update

Both software and firmware updates are expected over the coming weeks.
Affected users should check with their device vendor for availability of
updates.

Vendor Information

Vendor Status Date Notified Date Updated
Apple Affected 18 Jan 2018 23 Jul 2018
Broadcom Affected 18 Jan 2018 19 Jun 2018
Intel Affected 18 Jan 2018 23 Jul 2018
QUALCOMM Incorporated Affected 18 Jan 2018 06 Feb 2018
Microsoft Not Affected 06 Feb 2018 20 Jul 2018
Android Open Source Project Unknown 18 Jan 2018 18 Jan 2018
Bluetooth SIG Unknown 06 Feb 2018 06 Feb 2018
Google Unknown 19 Mar 2018 19 Mar 2018
Linux Kernel Unknown 05 Mar 2018 05 Mar 2018